Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics www.atmos-chem-phys.net 1680-7316 1680-7324 8 6 2008 10.5194/acp-8-1789-2008 http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/1789/2008/ http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/1789/2008/acp-8-1789-2008.html http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/8/1789/2008/acp-8-1789-2008.pdf 1789 1812 2008-03-26 Influence of clouds on the spectral actinic flux density in the lower troposphere (INSPECTRO): overview of the field campaigns S. Thiel stephan.thiel@imk.fzk.de L. Ammannato A. Bais B. Bandy M. Blumthaler B. Bohn O. Engelsen G. P. Gobbi J. Gröbner E. Jäkel W. Junkermann S. Kazadzis R. Kift B. Kjeldstad N. Kouremeti A. Kylling B. Mayer P. S. Monks C. E. Reeves B. Schallhart R. Scheirer S. Schmidt R. Schmitt J. Schreder R. Silbernagl C. Topaloglou T. M. Thorseth A. R. Webb M. Wendisch P. Werle Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK-IFU), Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany Istituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima (ISAC-CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Thessaloniki, Greece School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Division of Biomedical Physics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria Forschungszentrum Jülich, ICG Institut 2: Troposphäre, Jülich, Germany Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Polar Environmental Centre, Tromso, Norway Institute for Health and Consumer Protection (IHCP), Physical and Chemical Exposure Unit, European Comission – Joint Research Center (JRC), Ispra, Italy Institute for Tropospheric Research (IFT), Leipzig, Germany University of Manchester, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Environmental Science, Manchester, UK Dept. of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Oslo, Norway Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK Meteoconsult GmbH, Glashütten, Germany CMS Ing. Dr. Schreder GmbH, Kirchbichl, Austria now at: Physikalisch-Meteorologisches Observatorium Davos, World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC), Dorfstrasse 33, 7260 Davos Dorf, Switzerland now at: St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim Univ. Hospital, and Alesund Hospital, Alesund, Norway now at: Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Folkborgsvägen 1, 60176 Norrköping, Sverige now at: University of Colorado, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Duane Physics Building, Room D-337, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0311, USA now at: Institut f. Medizinischen Strahlenschutz und Dosimetrie, Landeskrankenhaus Innsbruck, Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck now at: Institute for Atmospheric Physics, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Becherweg 21, 55099 Mainz, Germany now at: Sor Trondelag University College, Faculty of Technology, 7004 Trondheim, Norway Ultraviolet radiation is the key factor driving tropospheric photochemistry. It is strongly modulated by clouds and aerosols. A quantitative understanding of the radiation field and its effect on photochemistry is thus only possible with a detailed knowledge of the interaction between clouds and radiation. The overall objective of the project INSPECTRO was the characterization of the three-dimensional actinic radiation field under cloudy conditions. This was achieved during two measurement campaigns in Norfolk (East Anglia, UK) and Lower Bavaria (Germany) combining space-based, aircraft and ground-based measurements as well as simulations with the one-dimensional radiation transfer model UVSPEC and the three-dimensional radiation transfer model MYSTIC. During both campaigns the spectral actinic flux density was measured at several locations at ground level and in the air by up to four different aircraft. This allows the comparison of measured and simulated actinic radiation profiles. In addition satellite data were used to complete the information of the three dimensional input data set for the simulation. A three-dimensional simulation of actinic flux density data under cloudy sky conditions requires a realistic simulation of the cloud field to be used as an input for the 3-D radiation transfer model calculations. Two different approaches were applied, to derive high- and low-resolution data sets, with a grid resolution of about 100 m and 1 km, respectively. The results of the measured and simulated radiation profiles as well as the results of the ground based measurements are presented in terms of photolysis rate profiles for ozone and nitrogen dioxide. During both campaigns all spectroradiometer systems agreed within ±10% if mandatory corrections e.g. stray light correction were applied. Stability changes of the systems were below 5% over the 4 week campaign periods and negligible over a few days. The J(O1D) data of the single monochromator systems can be evaluated for zenith angles less than 70°, which was satisfied by nearly all airborne measurements during both campaigns. 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